Sociology and Anthropology

Chair: Adams O'Connell
Professor:  Akbar Keshodkar, Debra Wetcher-Hendricks
Associate Professors: Virginia Adams O'Connell
Assistant Professor:  Allison Bloom, Rebecca Malinski
Adjunct Faculty:  Nancy Gonzalez, Samuel Murray, Kimberly Makoul, Vince Ramunni, Fran Sonne, William Vogler

The program in sociology and anthropology helps students better understand social organization and human social behavior. With strong foundations in sociological research and theory, students learn about socio-cultural identity, social interaction, the role of culture and social institutions, and the impact of structured inequality (race, class, and gender) upon social life. The department has a particular strength in the analysis of criminal justice institutions.

Mission Statement

Guided by the traditions of the liberal arts, the Sociology and Anthropology department provides its students with the theoretical and methodological tools to critically analyze the social world. Students become familiar with different cultural contexts and institutional frameworks of society, and apply that knowledge to address the needs of the rapidly changing globalizing world.

The Major in Sociology

A student may select either the general sociology program or the law and society program. 

• Sociology This track is designed to prepare students for a wide range of professional careers and advanced study by emphasizing cultural awareness, research, and theoretical thinking skills as they apply to the interplay between individuals and social structures.    
•  Criminal Justice and Law This track is designed to prepare students for careers in legal professions or other aspects of the justice system, including social work, as well as for the kinds of advanced study expected of professionals in those fields.

The Sociology Core

In addition to the five (5) sociology core courses, students take four (4) other courses. For those following the criminal justice and law track, one of these courses must be SOC 216 (Crime, Law, and Justice). Of the other courses, for students following both tracks, at least one of which must be at the 300 level. These remaining courses should be chosen in careful consultation with the student's advisor. 

Sociology majors are encouraged to fulfill their Learning in Common F2 requirement by completing MATH 107.

Sociology majors and minors are encouraged to take at least a year of foreign language.

Students in the general sociology program should take electives designed to familiarize them with an array of other disciplines. Criminal Justice and Law students should include among their electives courses such as POSC 110.

The writing-intensive requirement for majors are SOC 346 or 347.

Note: Students majoring in either track of the sociology major who desire a minor or a second major are required to select a field outside the Sociology Department.

Transfer Students

All transfer students must complete a minimum of five of their sociology requirements at Moravian University. 

The Minor in Anthropology

Anthropology is the study of the holistic human experience, past and present. As a social science, it promotes an understanding of the full sweep and complexity of cultures across all of human history, drawing and building upon knowledge from the social and biological sciences as well as the humanities and physical sciences. The minor in Anthropology engages students in the comparative study of human diversity and interactions through various forms of social relationships, cultural practices and means of inter-cultural communication across different societies.

The minor in anthropology consists of five (5) course units: ANTH/SOC 113 and ANTH/SOC 347 and at least three (3) elective courses 200-level or higher.  A minimum of one (1) elective course must be completed in the Department of Sociology and Anthropology and students may pursue up to two (2) elective courses in other departments.

The Minor in Forensic Auditing

See School of Business and Economics

The Minor in Medical Sociology and Anthropology

Medical sociology and anthropology is the study of the distribution and experience of health and illness in society, past and present.  The field explores the cultural influences on the interpretation and experience of health and illness, the institutions that diagnose and treat illness, the different disease burdens experienced by different arrangements of human communities, and the socialization of both practitioners and patients.  The minor in medical sociology and anthropology will enable students to understand and appreciate the macro factors that impact the health and illness of human communities as well as to develop an understanding of the complexity of interactions and social relationships between people in medical institutions. 

The minor in medical sociology and anthropology consists of five (5) course units:

Three (3) Required courses:     

Introductory courses (choose one):
ANTH 113 – Cultural Anthropology (no prerequisite)
SOC 115—Introduction to Sociology (no prerequisite)

Methodology courses (choose one):
SOC 246: Basic Research Methods
ANTH 347: Advanced Research in Anthropology 

Overview course:
ANTH 280: Health in Cultural Perspectives

Both methods courses require either ANTH 113 or SOC 115.  As a part of the course curriculum for SOC 246 and ANTH 347, students develop research proposals.  Students in the medical sociology and anthropology minor will design research projects for medical settings/involving medical practitioners and/or patients.  

Two (2) Elective courses:

Two electives from the list below. Other courses approved by the program advisor(s) may also fulfill minor requirements (such as topic appropriate independent study or an Honors project). Elective Courses (choose two):

SOC 262: Medical Sociology
SOC 362: Healthcare Inequalities
SOC 365: Bioethics: A Sociological Perspective

The Minor in Sociology

The minor in sociology consists of five course units: SOC 115 and four other courses that must include at least two 200-level courses and one 300-level course.

Note: students pursuing a minor in sociology will not be permitted to take ANTH 113 as an elective course for fulfilling the requirements of the sociology minor.

The Interdepartmental Major

Six courses of Set I of the interdepartmental major must include SOC 115, at least two 300-level courses, and three other departmental electives.

Courses in Anthropology

ANTH 113. Cultural Anthropology (also SOC 113). An introduction to the ways that anthropologists analyze cultures to understand the diversity of human social forms. Using both cross-cultural comparisons of major social institutions and practices and the intensive examination of selected specific cultures, it seeks to promote students' understanding of human cultural diversity. (M4) 

ANTH 235. Anthropology of Tourism. Tourism and tourist-based activities account for over ten percent of the world GDP today (source: World Tourism Organization). As more people are traveling to different places away from their homes, the level of interaction between hosts and guests has significant implications on the development of new cultural patterns and social practices in guest and host destinations. This course examines the development of tourism within the conceptual framework of anthropology and related social sciences. It encourages students to examine the impact that tourism has upon the cultures and people visited, the nature and relationship of culture to tourism, the recreation and manufacture of heritage for tourists and the performance of cultural acts through orchestrated dance, song and festivals. In the process of understanding the role of tourism and heritage in the development of modern cities and nations, students will survey how spaces are demarcated for tourism consumption, explore the role of marketing and branding of tourist destinations in shaping tourist activities and identify trends in tourism and heritage development. Furthermore, students will analyze complementary and contrasting viewpoints about cultural politics, sustainable social and economic development, and other issues related to the promotion of tourism in different parts of the world, and the challenges that host communities increasingly face in light of the presence of tourists. (M4)

ANTH 253 . Intimate Partner Violence. In this course, students will gain an introduction to the issue of Intimate Partner Violence (IPV). They will explore the different perspectives and approaches to this issue from historical, contemporary, and cross-cultural lenses. Students will become familiar with the historical and theoretical frameworks through which we can examine IPV, taking a critical look at this issue from an interpersonal level, a systems level, and a global/cultural level. Additionally, students will examine the available resources and services for survivors of violence and what advocates and providers can do to be attentive to inequalities and gaps in these structures and systems. Prerequisites: SOC 115 or SOC/ANTH 113.

ANTH 262. Modern African Culture and Society. (Also SOC 262) Globalization and neo-liberal policies have worsened conditions of inequalities and poverty across the global south, particularly across the African continent. This course offers students an opportunity to gain first-hand experiential insights into examining how the current global capitalist economy's structures impose systemic inequalities and poverty in African societies and evaluate how the people there situate themselves and challenge their positions from the periphery. For the study abroad component of the course, students will travel across different urban and rural communities in an African country and study how the current political ecology there is shaped by the interplay between global and local social structures in the arena of politics, economics, technology, media, and culture. They will examine how these developments mediate the capacity in which local citizens can access various resources and acquires modes of mobility to contest and negotiate their socio-economic-political positions within the prevailing milieu of inequalities and poverty in their society. Upon returning from Africa, students will engage in online coursework evaluating the impact of these inequalities and poverty within today's broader context of globalization. (M5)

ANTH 280. Health in Cultural Perspectives. In Health in Cultural Perspectives, students will gain an introduction to ideas from medical anthropology to explore the diverse ways people come to think about the body, medicine, and healing in the United States and around the world. Additionally, students will examine what determines the quality of care people receive in these healthcare systems, and what practitioners can do to be attentive to cultural differences and inequalities. Prerequisite: SOC 115 or SOC/ANTH 113.

ANTH 347. WI:Advanced Research in Anthropology. The course explores the scope of methodologies incorporated within contemporary cultural anthropology. Students will engage in examining epistemological perspectives in the practice of anthropology and work towards acquiring skills for conducting and carrying out various stages of ethnographic fieldwork, from research design, methods of data collection to developing tools of interpretive analysis and presenting their findings across different audiences, within and outside academia. The course will further engage students to contemplate theoretical and ethical frameworks for conceptualizing the value and relevance of anthropological knowledge and methodologies in an increasingly interconnected global society. Prerequisite: SOC 115 or SOC/ANTH 113. Writing-intensive.

ANTH 351. Globalization: The Human Experience in an Interconnected World. This course focuses upon examining the broad ramifications and the moral reorganization of various aspects of human social life tied to the paradoxes associated with the contemporary period of globalization. Students will explore the variety of ways in which the orientation of globalization today fosters greater degrees of physical, social, and virtual human interconnectedness than ever before, while simultaneously threatening the domination of institutions and ideologies that have framed the modern experience.  Students will investigate different areas of life (social and natural) impacted by globalization in pursuit of better understanding their place in an increasingly shifting world and identify ways in which they, as individuals, communities, and humanity as a whole, can thrive in it more sustainably. Through a problem-based approach to globalization, the seminar will encourage students to underline the importance of establishing causation and of specifying causal pathways for understanding the multitude of ways in which converging and diverging processes shape the experience of globalization for people around the world in the 21st century. Prerequisite: SOC 115 or SOC/ANTH 113.

Courses in Sociology

SOC 113. Cultural Anthropology (also ANTH 113). An introduction to the ways that anthropologists analyze cultures to understand the diversity of human social forms. Using both cross-cultural comparisons of major social institutions and practices and the intensive examination of selected specific cultures, it seeks to promote students' understanding of human cultural diversity. (M4) 

SOC 115. Introductory Sociology. Explores basic concepts and theories concerning the relationship between individuals and society. Emphasizes the influence of culture, social structure, and institutions upon human activity. Discusses and analyzes social groups, socialization, community, class, power, and social change, among other substantive issues. (M4) 

SOC 120. Forensic Science. An introduction to the field of forensic science as applied to criminal investigations and the law. This course will employ a data-driven approach to solving simulated criminal cases using a variety of scientific methods to examine physical evidence. Evidence-based lab experiments include examinations of soil samples, hair fiber, blood patterns, fingerprints, and ballistics and will be conducted to build a logical case in a criminal investigation. The laboratory will culminate in a final project employing a number of these methods. Limitations and abilities of experimental techniques will also be examined throughout the course. Prerequisite: None.  (F4)

SOC 125. Marriage and the Family. Kinship (around which ideas of families are structured) is a fundamental and central social institution in all societies and cultures around the world. The course introduces students to cross-cultural variations in how notions of kinship are conceptualized and practiced in structuring various social relationships and models of relatedness within different socio-political, cultural contexts. The course will further explore how approaches to the study of kinship have evolved and remain relevant today, with particular attention to issues of relationship between biology and culture, personhood, identity, subjectivity, gender, sexuality and power.

SOC 210. The Human Services System. Describes the wide variety of human services offered in the United States, explaining current resources available and ranges of unmet needs. Students explore the historical development of the helping professions, as well as philosophies and political realities that affect human services. They also examine roles and skills needed by various human-service practitioners. Prerequisite: SOC 115. 

SOC 216. ​Crime,​ ​Law,​ ​and​ ​Justice​. An introduction to the American criminal justice system. Topics include measuring crime, crime causation theories, criminal law, law enforcement, criminal courts, and corrections. Students will explore strategies for system reform to improve the quality of justice in America today. Prerequisite: SOC 115. 

SOC 220. American Constitutional Law. (Also Political Science 220) Role of the Supreme Court and its relationship to legislative and executive branches of the American political system. Attention to judicial decisions of constitutional and historic significance in development of American government. Fall, alternate years. Two 70-minute periods. Recommended: POSC 110 or SOC216. 

SOC 221. Civil Liberties and the U.S. Constitution. Civil liberties of Americans as delineated in the Bill of Rights. Issues of freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, right to counsel, searches and seizures, self-incrimination, cruel and unusual punishment, and fair trial. Judicial policy-making and problem of individual freedoms in conflict with federal and local police powers. Alternate years. 

SOC 235. Anthropology of Tourism. Tourism and tourist-based activities account for over ten percent of the world GDP today (source: World Tourism Organization). As more people are traveling to different places away from their homes, the level of interaction between hosts and guests has significant implications on the development of new cultural patterns and social practices in guest and host destinations. This course examines the development of tourism within the conceptual framework of anthropology and related social sciences. It encourages students to examine the impact that tourism has upon the cultures and people visited, the nature and relationship of culture to tourism, the recreation and manufacture of heritage for tourists and the performance of cultural acts through orchestrated dance, song and festivals. In the process of understanding the role of tourism and heritage in the development of modern cities and nations, students will survey how spaces are demarcated for tourism consumption, explore the role of marketing and branding of tourist destinations in shaping tourist activities and identify trends in tourism and heritage development. Furthermore, students will analyze complementary and contrasting viewpoints about cultural politics, sustainable social and economic development, and other issues related to the promotion of tourism in different parts of the world, and the challenges that host communities increasingly face in light of the presence of tourists. (M4)

SOC 240. Gender and Crime. The concept of deviance as addressed by sociological perspectives. Sociological, biological, and psychological theories of causation are used to explore behaviors that may intersect with matters pertaining to criminal justice and social welfare. Prerequisite: SOC 115. 

SOC 245. Juvenile Delinquency. Delinquent behavior and the juvenile justice system, with emphasis on facets of delinquency (types and origins) that differentiate it from adult criminal behavior. Topics include institutional and non-institutional prevention, control, and treatment of delinquency. Prerequisite: SOC 115. 

SOC 246. Basic Research Methods. Development and practical use of skills for initiating the research process, from development of topics to determination of research methods and instruments. Information-gathering through traditional sources and the media, and proper reporting of this information. Understanding and use of structures for data-gathering. Prerequisite: SOC 115. 

SOC 251. Human Sexuality. (Also IDIS 251) The physical, psychological, relational, and socio-cultural aspects of sexuality influence humans from before birth through death. This course will increase students' understandings of lifespan human sexuality; engage them in critical thinking about sexuality in the context of culture; help them identify and critique their sexual values, attitudes and morals; and enable students to make relational and sexual decisions in keeping with their values. (U2) 

SOC 252. Social Structure and Crime. This course will examine crime as a social construct, a topic of scientific study, and a social problem. Specifically, students in the course will explore what behavior is defined as criminal and how it comes to be considered criminal, what social factors can be used to predict crime rates, how society responds to crime, and what impact crime has on society. Prerequisite: SOC 115. 

SOC 253 . Intimate Partner Violence. In this course, students will gain an introduction to the issue of Intimate Partner Violence (IPV). They will explore the different perspectives and approaches to this issue from historical, contemporary, and cross-cultural lenses. Students will become familiar with the historical and theoretical frameworks through which we can examine IPV, taking a critical look at this issue from an interpersonal level, a systems level, and a global/cultural level. Additionally, students will examine the available resources and services for survivors of violence and what advocates and providers can do to be attentive to inequalities and gaps in these structures and systems. Prerequisites: SOC 115 or SOC/ANTH 113.

SOC 256. Social Controversies. (Also IDIS 256) Ethical concerns associated with traditional and contemporary social issues. Assessment of moral arguments based upon individual beliefs as well as those promoted by traditional philosophy. Encourages exploration of students' own philosophies in the context of everyday life. Prerequisite: SOC 115; junior or senior standing. (U2) 

SOC 258. Power and Conflict. Analyzes the ways that sociologists and others have tried to understand social hierarchies and the processes by which social activity develops and sustains them. Focus is on understanding social-science theories and concepts that describe and analyze social inequality and perceptions of such inequality in modern life. 

SOC 260. Urban Sociology. Examines the city as a unique site of social life, using an historical and comparative approach to identify key features in the development of industrial, post-industrial, and global cities. Topics include human and spatial divisions, institutional structure of urban areas (including economic, political, and religious dimensions), cosmopolitanism, and pluralism. Each term, the course focuses on one city, such as New York, Bombay, or London, as a case study. Prerequisite: SOC 115. 

SOC 262. Modern African Culture and Society.  (Also ANTH 262). Globalization and neo-liberal policies have worsened conditions of inequalities and poverty across the global south, particularly across the African continent. This course offers students an opportunity to gain first-hand experiential insights into examining how the current global capitalist economy's structures impose systemic inequalities and poverty in African societies and evaluate how the people there situate themselves and challenge their positions from the periphery. For the study abroad component of the course, students will travel across different urban and rural communities in an African country and study how the current political ecology there is shaped by the interplay between global and local social structures in the arena of politics, economics, technology, media, and culture. They will examine how these developments mediate the capacity in which local citizens can access various resources and acquires modes of mobility to contest and negotiate their socio-economic-political positions within the prevailing milieu of inequalities and poverty in their society. Upon returning from Africa, students will engage in online coursework evaluating the impact of these inequalities and poverty within today's broader context of globalization. (M5)

SOC 265. Sociology of Religion. The role of religion in modern society, with emphasis on the changing dynamic of religion. Topics include secularization and de-secularization of society; religious pluralism and immigration; political and civil religion; new religions. (M3) 

SOC 270. Corrections in America. Historical development and competing philosophies of corrections as institutional and community-based programs. Dynamics of prison life; inmate subculture; administrative, organizational, and rehabilitative aspects of adult and juvenile probation and parole. Prerequisite: SOC 216. 

SOC 278. Medical Sociology. Medical sociology provides an analytical framework for understanding the social contexts of health, illness and health care. Central topics include the subjective experience of health and illness, political, economic and environmental circumstances fostering ill health, and societal forces constraining the medical care system and individuals' responses to illness. This field draws on traditional sociological issues and contributes to them through reformulations of such basic concepts as social systems and institutions, professionalism, social movements and social change, and social interaction and negotiation. Drawing from pluralistic perspectives, the field is concerned with basic sociological research and its implications for public policy and practice. (https://www.asanet.org/communities/sections/sites/medical-sociology). In this course, you will gain a foundational understanding of this subfield of sociology.Prerequisite: Sophomore standing and above. 

SOC 280. Health in Cultural Perspectives. In Health in Cultural Perspectives, students will gain an introduction to ideas from medical anthropology to explore the diverse ways people come to think about the body, medicine, and healing in the United States and around the world. Additionally, students will examine what determines the quality of care people receive in these healthcare systems, and what practitioners can do to be attentive to cultural differences and inequalities. Prerequisite: SOC 115 or SOC/ANTH 113.

SOC 310. The Family and the Law. Sources and applications of family law in America. Legal regulation of marriage, boundaries of marital and non-marital contracts, divorce. Legal ramifications of parent-child relationships, including parental obligations in children's education and medical care. Issues of child neglect, abuse, and legal termination of parental rights. Prerequisite: junior or senior standing. 

SOC 314. Sociology of Violence. This course will take a critical, sociological perspective to better understand violence in society. Students will examine sociological explanations of violence, as well as how violence is organized in society (that is, how can violence be understood in terms of social structure). Students will also examine specific forms of violence and explore strategies for preventing and responding to violence at the individual and structural levels. Prerequisite: SOC 115. 

SOC 318. Criminal Law and Society. Causes of crime, nature of criminal acts, elements of crimes, defenses, excuses and justifications for crimes. Topics include crimes against persons, property, moral order, "victimless" crimes, admissibility of evidence, constitutional guarantees. Prerequisite: SOC 216.

SOC 335. Sociological Theory. Prominent schools of sociological theory, building upon theories introduced in lower-level courses. Development of social theory and connections between classical and contemporary theoretical positions. Topics include consensual and conflict approaches, micro- and macro- perspectives. Current theoretical challenges, including feminist theory, critical race theory, and post-modernist theories. Prerequisite: junior or senior standing. 

SOC 340. Women and Crime. This course is designed to provide students with an in-depth understanding of the status of women in society today and its impact on women and girls both as victims and perpetrators of crime. The course examines theories of victimization, crime and delinquency, as well as how the criminal and juvenile justice systems function to process female victims and female offenders. Focusing on females’ specific pathways into crime and delinquency, students will examine contemporary prevention and intervention strategies designed to either prevent such behaviors from happening in the first place or from reoccurring once they have been exhibited. Prerequisite: SOC 216. 

SOC 346. WI:Advanced Research in Sociology. Capstone course for sociology majors. Each student conducts an empirical study designed to develop skills for gathering and interpreting data using common statistical tests to determine significant effects. Students become familiar with computer programs that perform these tests and practice scholarly presentation of research findings. Prerequisite: SOC 246. Writing-intensive.

SOC 347. WI:Advanced Research in Anthropology. (also ANTH 347) The course explores the scope of methodologies incorporated within contemporary cultural anthropology. Students will engage in examining epistemological perspectives in the practice of anthropology and work towards acquiring skills for conducting and carrying out various stages of ethnographic fieldwork, from research design, methods of data collection to developing tools of interpretive analysis and presenting their findings across different audiences, within and outside academia. The course will further engage students to contemplate theoretical and ethical frameworks for conceptualizing the value and relevance of anthropological knowledge and methodologies in an increasingly interconnected global society. Prerequisite: SOC 115 or SOC/ANTH 113. Writing-intensive.

SOC 350. Socio-History of Media Technology. (Also IDIS 350) Technological development and social implications of various forms of mass media. Analyzes mass media as a social force that shapes personal and collective ideas and behaviors. Prerequisite: junior or senior standing. (U1) (Major elective for Sociology) (Minor elective for Media Studies).

SOC 351. Globalization: The Human Experience in an Interconnected World. This course focuses upon examining the broad ramifications and the moral reorganization of various aspects of human social life tied to the paradoxes associated with the contemporary period of globalization. Students will explore the variety of ways in which the orientation of globalization today fosters greater degrees of physical, social, and virtual human interconnectedness than ever before, while simultaneously threatening the domination of institutions and ideologies that have framed the modern experience.  Students will investigate different areas of life (social and natural) impacted by globalization in pursuit of better understanding their place in an increasingly shifting world and identify ways in which they, as individuals, communities, and humanity as a whole, can thrive in it more sustainably. Through a problem-based approach to globalization, the seminar will encourage students to underline the importance of establishing causation and of specifying causal pathways for understanding the multitude of ways in which converging and diverging processes shape the experience of globalization for people around the world in the 21st century. Prerequisite: SOC 115 or SOC/ANTH 113.

SOC 355. Sociology of Gender. (Also IDIS 355) Relationships between biologically defined sex and culturally defined gender; analysis of expectations and limitations upon males and females in traditional and contemporary societies. Significant focus on inequality in social institutions, including family, workplace, and legal system, that reflect differences in sex and sexual orientation.

SOC 357. Racial and Ethnic Inequality. Current and historical theories of race and ethnicity paradigms. Concepts of minority-dominant relations, assimilation, pluralism, strains of anti-racism, immigration, segregation.

SOC 362. Inequalities in Healthcare. In this class, we will explore the structure, function and culture of health care in the US and analyze the divide between what we ideally would like to achieve in a healthcare system (ideologies) and the lived reality of people in that system.  We will explore how the structure of the institutions that deliver health care impact the experience of the delivery of care.  Students will gain experience collecting information on the healthcare system (both quantitative and qualitative data), organizing that information, and experimenting with different ways to summarize and communicate information to an audience.  Prerequisite: SOC 115 or SOC/ANTH 113 and junior/senior standing.

SOC 365. Bioethics: A Sociological Perspective. Our cultural concept of what defines a “human being,” and what defines both normal and desired life experiences impacts not only the practice of medicine, but also our pursuit of new medical technologies.  And once those technologies are created, they may in turn impact our experience and change previous expectations and understandings.  The past few decades have brought about a substantial change in the practice of medicine.  We have witnessed a dramatic increase in the number of people undergoing cosmetic surgical procedures in light of what many social scientists argue is a new age of age discrimination.  We have new disease categories such as ADHD which have impacted the experience of childhood in America, so the once “unruly” or “squirmy” child is now medically controlled.  Among developed nations, the United States holds the distinction of reporting the largest percent of its adult population on antidepressants.  This medical response to stress and sadness is in part a response to the general American perception that sadness impedes productivity.  And think about how America’s fascination with both physical and intellectual prowess is leading us closer to genetic engineering. Prerequisite: SOC 115 or SOC/ANTH 113 and junior/senior standing. (U2)

SOC 370. Seminar. In-depth study of one of a wide range of topics in contemporary sociology, such as social movements, media, sports, and other aspects of popular culture. Open to junior and senior sociology majors or by permission of instructor. 

SOC 375-377. Fieldwork in Sociology. Designed to relate classroom concepts to organizational practice. To be eligible for a specific placement, students should contact advisor at the start of the junior year to plan courses necessary for their field placement, which requires approval of fieldwork seminar instructor. Restricted to senior majors. 

SOC 190-199, 290-299, 390-399. Special Topics.
SOC 286, 381-384. Independent Study.
SOC 288, 386-388. Internship.
SOC 400-401. Honors.